Hypertensive disorder
Constitutive genetic factors
Neurogenic factors
Environmental factors
The predisposition to develop high arterial pressure in members of the same family is very high and highly evident. Statistical data show that babies born to hypertensive parents have higher arterial pressure than children from parents with normal arterial pressure.
This data also shows that within the same family, multiple members suffering from hypertension can be found. It is thought that the condition is genetically inheritable, and with dominant character.
It is theorized that only several characteristics that favor predisposition to develop hypertension, such as for example the primary disruption of the metabolism of catecholamines, or the overload of tissue with sodium, etc.
Acute psychological trauma such as fear, pain, extreme emotion, high and constant psychological pressure, different types of neuroses related to menopause, or neuroses following a contusion or bran commotion, are all conditions that may lead to developing hypertension.
Environmental factors may act in conjunction with other factors and aid in the onset of the disease. These factors include:
Age and gender. This condition is usually most present in patients over the age of 50 and affects both genders to the same degree. However, for patients above the age of 60, it is more prevalent in women rather than men. Since statistics vary often, there is an increase in patients above the age of 40 and below the age of 50, who suffer from hypertension.
Profession. Usually, this condition affects those who have professions which involve bearing large psychological pressure, or great responsibility, or those involved in professions where they are part of extremely emotive encounters. This disease affects those involved in manual labor less.
Smoking. Nicotine is a vasoconstrictive substance which narrows the peripheral blood vessels and lowers peripheral resistance. As a result of the above, this causes the increase of arterial pressure.
Introxication. Becoming intoxicated with lead salts can lead to the increase of arterial blood pressure.
Hypertensive disease is characterized by a spike in maximal pressure, which is also called systolic pressure, or the rise of minimal pressure (diastolic) above normal values. Usually it is the systolic pressure that rises more so than the diastolic.
Factors that affect the onset of symptoms include constitutive genetic factors, neurogenic factors, environmental factors. And other factors like age and gender, profession, smoking, and intoxication.
Simple lifestyle changes can often help reduce high blood pressure (hypertension), although some people may need to take medication as well. Whether medication is recommended depends on your blood pressure reading and your risk of developing problems such as heart attacks or strokes.
High blood pressure can often be prevented or reduced by eating healthily, maintaining a healthy weight, taking regular exercise, drinking alcohol in moderation and not smoking.
The diagnosis of arterial hypertension is usually made by evaluating the values of arterial pressure, and assessing whether or not they are above what is considered ‘normal’. This criterion defines which individuals face increased risks for heart and blood vessel damage.
Arterial pressure should be measured while the patient is lying down, and after they have rested for several minutes. The patient must feel calm and relaxed. Arterial pressure is measured by using an apparatus called a sphygmomanometer or a blood pressure meter.
Secondary hypertension is a type of hypertension which is caused as a consequence of another condition. Patients suffer from arterial hypertension randomly. Following the appropriate examinations, it is discovered that this type of hypertension is caused as a result of another disease.
Diseases and conditions which may cause secondary hypertension are hypertension caused by kidney disease, renovascular hypertension, hypertension due to endocrine disease, hemodynamic hypertension, hypertension caused by pregnancy, hypertension due to consumption of contraceptive substances.