Squamous cell carcinoma

Causes

Mostskin canceris caused by ultraviolet (UV) light damaging the DNA in skin cells. The main source ofUV light is sunlight.

Sunlight containsthree types of UV light:

ultraviolet A (UVA)
ultraviolet B (UVB)
ultraviolet C (UVC)

UVC is filtered out by the Earth's atmosphere. UVA and UVB damage skin over time, making it more likely for skin cancers to develop. UVB is thought to be the main cause of non-melanoma skin cancer.

Artificial sources of UV light, such as sun lamps and tanning beds, also increase your risk of developing skin cancer.

Repeated Sunburn , either by the sun or artificial sources of light, will make your skin more vulnerable to non-melanoma skin cancer.

Family history

In most cases, non-melanoma skin cancer doesn't run in families. However, research has shown that some families have a higher than average number of members who develop the condition.

For example, if you have a parent who's had squamous cell carcinoma , your risk of also getting it is two to three times higher than average.

Having a family history of melanoma also increases your risk of getting basal cell carcinoma .

Other risk factors

Certain factors are thought to increase your chances of developing all types of skin cancer.

These include:

having pale skin that doesn't tan easily
have blonde or red hair
having blue eyes
older age
having a large number of moles
having a large number of freckles
having an area of skin previously damaged by burning or radiotherapy treatment
having a condition that suppresses your immune system, such as HIV
having medicines that suppress your immune system (immunosuppressants), commonly used after organ transplants
exposure to certain chemicals, such as creosote and arsenic
having been previously diagnosed with skin cancer