Tinnitus
It's not clear exactly what causes tinnitus, but it's thought tobe a problem with how the ear hears sounds and how the brain interprets them.
Many cases are associated with Hearing impairment caused by damage to the inner ear, although around one person in every three with the condition doesn't have any obvious problem with their ears or hearing.
Sounds pass from the outer ear through to the inner ear, which contains thecochlea and auditory nerve. The cochlea is a coiled, spiral tube containing a large number of sensitive hair cells. The auditory nerve transmits sound signals to the brain.
If part of the cochlea is damaged, it will stop sending information to your brain. Thebrainmay then actively "seek out" signals from parts of the cochlea that still work. These signalsmight thenbecome over-represented in the brain, whichmay cause the sounds of tinnitus.
In older people, damage to the cochlea often occurs naturally with age. In younger people, it can be caused byrepeated exposure to excessive noise.
As well as inner eardamage, there are several other possible causes of tinnitus. These include:
Less commonly, tinnitus may develop as a result of:
Tinnitus is the term for hearing sounds that come from inside your body, rather than from an outside source. It's often described as "ringing in the ears", although several sounds can be heard, including: buzzing, humming, etc.
Read about the main causes of tinnitus, including hearing loss and damage from exposure to loud noises.
Read about what your GP might do to diagnose tinnitus and what might happen if you're referred to a hospital specialist.
Read about the main treatments for tinnitus, including sound therapy, counselling and self-help tips.
Jan Dawson was diagnosed with Mnire's disease. She also hashearing loss and tinnitus.Jan talks about how time and being positive has helped her get used to the condition.
Paul Burrows has had tinnitus for as long as he can remember. He talks about what it's like living with it.