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Who's affected Brugada syndrome
Brugada syndromeBrugada syndrome typically affects young and middle-aged males who are otherwise healthy, although women can also be affected. It's also more common in young men of Japanese and south east Asian descent. To properly understand the underlying cause, it's important to know how the heart cells work. On the surface of each heart muscle cell are
How is it diagnosed? Brugada syndrome
Brugada syndromeIfyour GPthinks you have Brugada syndrome after assessing your symptoms, they may ask you to have an electrocardiogram (ECG) and refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist). This should usually be a cardiologist who specialises in heart rhythm and genetic heart problems. ECG AnECGis a test that records the rhythm and electrical activity of
When to see a doctor Rib injuries
Rib injuriesSee your GP if your pain hasn't started to improve within a few weeks. They can prescribe stronger painkillers if necessary and refer you to hospital if they feel you need further treatment. Seek medical helpimmediately if you develop any signs of a more serious problem, such as: increasing shortness of breath increasing chest pain pain in
Introduction Broken Toe
Broken ToeA broken or fracturedtoe can be very painful, but isn't usually serious and can often be treated at home. Most will heal in four to six weeks. More severe breaks may take longer to heal and may need treatment in hospital. This page covers: Symptoms of a broken toe How to treata broken toeat home When to see your GP When to go to
How to stop C. difficile spreading Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficileC.difficileinfections canbe passed onvery easily. You can reduce your risk of picking it up or spreading it by practising good hygiene, both at homeand in healthcare settings. The following measures can help: stay at home until at least 48 hours after your symptoms have cleared up wash your hands regularly with soap and water, particularly
Introduction Heart bypass
Heart bypassA coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a surgical procedure used to treat coronary heart disease. It diverts blood around narrowed or clogged parts of the major arteries to improve blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart. Over 20,000 coronary artery bypass grafts are carried out around the world every year. Most of these are carried
Introduction Bursitis - housemaid's knee
Bursitis - housemaid's kneeBursitis is inflammation and swelling of a bursa. A bursa is a fluid-filled sac which forms under the skin, usually over the joints, andacts as a cushion between the tendons and bones. The main symptoms of bursitis are pain, swelling and tenderness in the affected area. Any bursa can become inflamed, butbursitis most commonly occurs in the:
Causes of bursitis Bursitis - housemaid's knee
Bursitis - housemaid's kneeBursitis candevelop in three main ways. It can be caused by an injury or infection, oras the result of a pre-existing health condition. Injury If a bursa(the small fluid-filled sac which forms around the joints) is injured, the tissue inside it can become irritated, leading to inflammation (swelling). In most cases, the injury develops
Symptoms of a C. difficile infection Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficileSymptoms of a C. difficileinfection usually develop when you're taking antibiotics, or when you've finished taking them within the last few weeks. The most common symptoms are: watery diarrhoea , which can be bloody painful tummy cramps feeling sick signs of dehydration , such asa dry mouth , headaches and peeing less often than normal a
Patient story: "I'm able to walk again." Carotid endarterectomy
Carotid endarterectomyMr Joseph Leverment, from Cropston, Leicester, had a carotid endarterectomy whilehewasa senior surgeon at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust. He was operated on by colleagues at Leicester Royal Infirmary afterhaving a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) at work. "I was doing my outpatient clinic at Glenfield Hospital near Leicester when