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Causes Polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive (ARPKD)
Polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive (ARPKD)Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an inherited condition, which means it's passed on to a child from their parents.ARPKD is caused by aDNA mutation (abnormality) ina gene called PKHD1, which produces a protein called fibrocystin that givesthe kidney its structure.The faulty PKHD1 gene is responsible for small fluid-filled
Treating ataxia Friedrich's ataxia
Friedrich's ataxiaThe treatment for ataxia can vary depending on exact what type of ataxia you have. It's sometimes possible to treat the underlying cause of the condition so it improves or stops getting worse, but in most cases this isn't possible and you'll have treatment to relieve your symptoms. Your treatment plan You'll usually be cared for by a group of
Causes Eczema
EczemaAtopic eczema is likely to be caused by a combination of things. People with atopic eczema often have very dry skin because their skin is unable to retain much moisture. This dryness may make the skin more likely to react to certain triggers, causing it to become red and itchy. You may be born with an increased likelihood of developing atopic
Introduction Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillationAtrial fibrillation is a heart condition that causes an irregular and often abnormally fast heart rate. Anormal heart rate should be regular and between 60 and 100 beats a minute when you're resting. You can measure your heart rate by feeling the pulse in your neck or wrist. In atrial fibrillation, the heart rate is irregular and can sometimes
Symptoms Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillationSome people with atrial fibrillation, particularly older people,don't have any symptoms. The abnormality in heart rhythm is often only discovered during routine tests or investigations for another condition. Typically, a cardioversion (where the heart is given a controlled electric shock to restore normal rhythm) is carried out. At this point,
Diagnosis B12 vitamin deficiency
B12 vitamin deficiencyA diagnosis ofvitamin B12 or folate deficiency anaemia canoften be made by your GP based on your symptoms and the results of blood tests.Blood testsDifferent types ofblood tests can be carried out tohelp identify people with a possiblevitamin B12 or folate deficiency. These tests check: whether you have a lower level of haemoglobin (a substance
Complications B12 vitamin deficiency
B12 vitamin deficiencyAs most cases of vitamin B12 deficiency or folate deficiency can be easily and effectively treated, complications are rare.However, complications can occasionally develop, particularly if you've been deficientin either vitaminfor some time.Anaemia complicationsAll types of anaemia, regardless of the cause, can lead to heart and lung complications
When a hearing test is needed Hearing tests
Hearing testsHearing tests are carried out regularly during childhood to identify any problems as soon as possible. Adults can also ask their GP for a hearing test. In the past, many children born with Hearing impairment were not diagnosed until they were 18 months or older.But identifying hearing loss late canhave a negativeimpact ona child's language
Who is affected? Auditory processing disorder
Auditory processing disorderAuditory processing disorder affects people of all ages. Many cases start in childhood, althoughit sometimes can develop in adults. Childrenwith auditory processing disorder may havenoticeable problems from avery young age, although sometimes the symptoms might not be obviousor only become apparent later on when they start school, college,
Patient story: "My asthma nearly killed me." Asthma
AsthmaOlwen Fish, from Waterhead, Oldham, has had asthma since 1950. She feels lucky to have survived to see the huge increase in effective medication and now lives life to the full. "I was only 13 when I first experienced asthma in 1950. It was terrible because not many people had heard of it in those days. All I knew about asthma was that my aunt had